Which transformation would change the orientation of a figure?

A reflection is the transformation that changes the orientation of a figure. When a figure is reflected over a line (the line of reflection), its position is flipped, which alters the direction in which it faces. For instance, if an arrow points to the right before the reflection, it will point to the left afterward, demonstrating a clear change in orientation.

In contrast, translations, rotations, and dilations do not affect the orientation of a figure in the same way. A translation moves the figure to a different location without changing its size, shape, or direction. A rotation turns the figure around a fixed point, but the orientation remains the same relative to that point. Dilation changes the size of the figure but keeps the orientation intact by maintaining the proportional relationship between dimensions. Therefore, reflection is unique in its capacity to invert the orientation of a figure.